مقايسة اسعار

السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته 

اعضاء مدونة المهندس المدني الكرام

Concrete Engineering Construction Handbook

اهلا وسهلا باعضاء مدونة المهندس المدني 

سنتحدث في هذا الموضوع عن كتاب 

Concrete Engineering Construction Handbook
ويعرض الكتاب الموضوعات الاتية
1 Concrete Constituent Materials Sidney Mindess ........................................................................... 1-1
1.1 Introduction................................................................................................................................... 1-1
1.2 Portland Cement............................................................................................................................ 1-2
1.3 Modified Portland Cements.......................................................................................................... 1-9
1.4 High-Alumina Cement................................................................................................................ 1-10
1.5 “Green” Cements ......................................................................................................................... 1-11
1.6 Performance of Different Cements in Concrete........................................................................ 1-11
1.7 Water............................................................................................................................................. 1-12
1.8 Water/Cement Ratio.................................................................................................................... 1-12
1.9 Aggregates..................................................................................................................................... 1-14
1.10 Reinforcement.............................................................................................................................. 1-21
1.11 Durability Considerations........................................................................................................... 1-23
References ................................................................................................................................................ 1-26
2 Mineral Admixtures V.M. Malhotra ................................................................................................. 2-1
2.1 Fly Ash ............................................................................................................................................ 2-1
2.2 Blast-Furnace Slag........................................................................................................................ 2-18
2.3 Silica Fume ................................................................................................................................... 2-29
2.4 Highly Reactive Metakaolin ........................................................................................................ 2-38
References ................................................................................................................................................ 2-42
3 Chemical Admixtures David P. Whitney.......................................................................................... 3-1
3.1 Introduction to Chemical Admixtures......................................................................................... 3-1
3.2 Retarding Admixtures.................................................................................................................... 3-2
3.3 Water-Reducing Admixtures......................................................................................................... 3-3
3.4 High-Range, Water-Reducing Admixtures................................................................................... 3-5
3.5 Accelerating Admixtures................................................................................................................ 3-7
3.6 Air-Entraining Admixtures ......................................................................................................... 3-10
3.7 Antifreezing Admixtures ............................................................................................................. 3-12
3.8 Antiwashout Admixtures............................................................................................................. 3-13
3.9 Shrinkage-Reducing Admixtures ................................................................................................ 3-14
3.10 Polymer Modifier Admixtures .................................................................................................... 3-14
3.11 Alkali–Silica Reaction Prevention Admixtures .......................................................................... 3-18
3.12 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................... 3-18
References ................................................................................................................................................ 3-18
4 Long-Term Effects and Serviceability Edward G. Nawy and Hani Nassif................................... 4-1
4.1 Creep and Shrinkage Deformations in Concrete........................................................................ 4-1
4.2 Creep Deformations in Concrete ................................................................................................. 4-2
4.3 Creep Prediction ............................................................................................................................ 4-6
4.4 Shrinkage in Concrete................................................................................................................. 4-10
4.5 Strength and Elastic Properties of Concrete vs. Time .............................................................. 4-16
4.6 Serviceability Long-Term Considerations.................................................................................. 4-18
vi Concrete Construction Engineering Handbook
4.7 Long-Term Shrinkage and Temperature Reinforcement Controlling
Cracking between Joints in Walls and Slabs of Liquid-Retaining Structures ......................... 4-34
4.8 Autogenous Shrinkage in Early-Age Concrete .......................................................................... 4-35
Acknowledgments ................................................................................................................................... 4-35
References ................................................................................................................................................ 4-37
5 Properties and Performance of Normal-Strength
and High-Strength Concrete Steven H. Kosmatka ......................................................................... 5-1
5.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 5-2
5.2 Workability, Bleeding, and Consolidation ................................................................................... 5-2
5.3 Mixing, Transporting, and Placing Concrete............................................................................... 5-6
5.4 Permeability.................................................................................................................................. 5-10
5.5 Carbonation ................................................................................................................................. 5-10
5.6 Early-Age Characteristics and Strength...................................................................................... 5-12
5.7 Density.......................................................................................................................................... 5-16
5.8 Abrasion Resistance ..................................................................................................................... 5-17
5.9 Volume Change and Crack Control........................................................................................... 5-20
5.10 Deformation and Creep .............................................................................................................. 5-21
5.11 Concrete Ingredients ................................................................................................................... 5-22
5.12 Proportioning of Concrete Mixtures.......................................................................................... 5-31
5.13 Hot and Cold Weather Concreting ............................................................................................ 5-32
5.14 Control Tests ................................................................................................................................ 5-33
5.15 Freeze–Thaw and Deicer Scaling Resistance.............................................................................. 5-34
5.16 Sulfate-Resistant Concrete........................................................................................................... 5-35
5.17 Corrosion Protection................................................................................................................... 5-37
5.18 Alkali–Silica Reaction .................................................................................................................. 5-39
5.19 Heat-Induced Delayed Expansion .............................................................................................. 5-42
5.20 Self-Consolidating Concrete ....................................................................................................... 5-43
5.21 Related ASTM Standards............................................................................................................. 5-43
References ................................................................................................................................................ 5-44
6 Design and Placement of Concrete Mixtures................................................................................. 6-1
Part A. Design of Concrete Mixtures Edward G. Nawy ...................................................................... 6-2
6.1 General............................................................................................................................................ 6-2
6.2 Selection of Constituent Materials ............................................................................................... 6-2
6.3 Mixture Proportioning for High-Performance, Normal-Strength Concrete
(Cylinder Compressive Strength Limit 6000 psi)........................................................................ 6-9
6.4 Mixture Proportioning for High-Performance, High-Strength Concrete
(Cylinder Compressive Strength Exceeding 6000 psi) .............................................................. 6-18
Part B. Applications and Constructability Jaime Moreno and John Albinger................................... 6-30
6.5 Applications and Constructability with an Emphasis
on High-Strength, High-Performance Concrete ....................................................................... 6-30
6.6 Job-Site Control ........................................................................................................................... 6-41
6.7 Testing........................................................................................................................................... 6-41
Acknowledgments ................................................................................................................................... 6-43
References ................................................................................................................................................ 6-43
7 Design and Construction of Concrete Formwork David W. Johnston ..................................... 7-1
7.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 7-2
7.2 Types of Formwork........................................................................................................................ 7-5
7.3 Formwork Standards and Recommended Practices.................................................................. 7-17
7.4 Loads and Pressures on Formwork ............................................................................................ 7-23
7.5 Formwork Design Criteria .......................................................................................................... 7-27
7.6 Formwork Design ........................................................................................................................ 7-35
7.7 Slab-Form Design Example ........................................................................................................ 7-38
7.8 Wall-Form Design Example........................................................................................................ 7-43
References ................................................................................................................................................ 7-49
Contents vii
8 Construction Loading in High-Rise Buildings S.K. Ghosh........................................................ 8-1
8.1 Introduction................................................................................................................................... 8-1
8.2 Construction Loads ....................................................................................................................... 8-1
8.3 Properties of Concrete at Early Ages.......................................................................................... 8-19
8.4 Strength Consequences of Construction Loads ........................................................................ 8-37
8.5 Serviceability Consequences of Construction Loads ................................................................ 8-47
8.6 Codes and Standards ................................................................................................................... 8-55
References ................................................................................................................................................ 8-58
9 Deflection of Concrete Members Russell S. Fling and Andrew Scanlon....................................... 9-1
9.1 Introduction................................................................................................................................... 9-1
9.2 Elastic Calculation Methods ......................................................................................................... 9-2
9.3 Other Calculation Considerations................................................................................................ 9-6
9.4 Factors Affecting Deflection........................................................................................................ 9-10
9.5 Reducing Deflection of Concrete Members .............................................................................. 9-16
9.6 Allowable Deflections .................................................................................................................. 9-20
References ................................................................................................................................................ 9-22
10 Structural Concrete Systems Scott W. McConnell......................................................................... 10-1
10.1 Overview....................................................................................................................................... 10-2
10.2 Building Loads ............................................................................................................................. 10-3
10.3 Composite Steel–Concrete Construction................................................................................... 10-7
10.4 Foundations................................................................................................................................ 10-10
10.5 Structural Frames ...................................................................................................................... 10-14
10.6 Concrete Slab and Plate Systems .............................................................................................. 10-17
10.7 Liquid-Containing Structures................................................................................................... 10-23
10.8 Mass Concrete............................................................................................................................ 10-26
10.9 On-Site Precasting and Tilt-Up Construction......................................................................... 10-28
10.10 Lift-Slab Construction............................................................................................................... 10-30
10.11 Slip-Form Construction............................................................................................................ 10-33
10.12 Prestressed Concrete.................................................................................................................. 10-37
Acknowledgments ................................................................................................................................. 10-40
References .............................................................................................................................................. 10-40
11 Construction of Prestressed Concrete Ben C. Gerwick, Jr. ........................................................ 11-1
11.1 Introduction................................................................................................................................. 11-2
11.2 Concrete and Its Components.................................................................................................... 11-4
11.3 Reinforcement and Prestressing Systems ................................................................................... 11-8
11.4 Special Provisions for Prestressed Concrete Construction..................................................... 11-13
11.5 Post-Tensioning Technology ..................................................................................................... 11-19
11.6 Pretensioning Technology ......................................................................................................... 11-24
11.7 Prestressed Concrete Buildings................................................................................................. 11-29
11.8 Prestressed Concrete Bridges .................................................................................................... 11-33
11.9 Prestressed Concrete Piling....................................................................................................... 11-46
11.10 Tanks and Other Circular Structures ....................................................................................... 11-54
11.11 Prestressed Concrete Sleeper (Ties) ......................................................................................... 11-55
11.12 Prestressed Concrete Floating Structures................................................................................. 11-56
11.13 Prestressed Concrete Pavements............................................................................................... 11-58
11.14 Maintenance, Repair, and Strengthening of Existing Prestressed Concrete Structures........ 11-58
11.15 Demolition of Prestressed Concrete Structures ...................................................................... 11-60
11.16 The Future of Prestressed Concrete Construction.................................................................. 11-61
Acknowledgments ................................................................................................................................. 11-62
References .............................................................................................................................................. 11-62
viii Concrete Construction Engineering Handbook
12 Unbonded Post-Tensioning System Technology
in Building Construction Florian G. Barth................................................................................... 12-1
12.1 Developments in Unbonded Post-Tensioning........................................................................... 12-1
12.2 General Notes and Standard Details .......................................................................................... 12-6
12.3 Evaluation and Rehabilitation of Building Structures .............................................................. 12-22
12.4 Demolition of Post-Tensioned Structures ............................................................................... 12-36
12.5 Defining Terms........................................................................................................................... 12-42
References .............................................................................................................................................. 12-44
13 Concrete for Offshore Structures George C. Hoff........................................................................ 13-1
13.1 Introduction................................................................................................................................. 13-1
13.2 Types of Concrete Structures...................................................................................................... 13-2
13.3 Concrete Quality........................................................................................................................ 13-18
13.4 Concrete Materials..................................................................................................................... 13-19
13.5 Concrete Properties ................................................................................................................... 13-22
13.6 Design Considerations .............................................................................................................. 13-24
13.7 Safety Considerations................................................................................................................ 13-25
13.8 Construction Practices .............................................................................................................. 13-25
13.9 Construction Locations............................................................................................................. 13-26
13.10 Marine Operations .................................................................................................................... 13-31
13.11 Cost Considerations .................................................................................................................. 13-31
13.12 Summary .................................................................................................................................... 13-31
References .............................................................................................................................................. 13-32
14 Foundations for Concrete Structures Manjriker Gunaratne...................................................... 14-1
14.1 Foundation Engineering.............................................................................................................. 14-1
14.2 Site Exploration.......................................................................................................................... 14-27
14.3 Shallow Footings........................................................................................................................ 14-32
14.4 Mat Footings .............................................................................................................................. 14-37
14.5 Retaining Walls........................................................................................................................... 14-43
14.6 Pile Foundations ........................................................................................................................ 14-57
14.7 Caissons and Drilled Piers ........................................................................................................ 14-76
References .............................................................................................................................................. 14-79
15 Specialized Construction Applications Husam S. Najm............................................................ 15-1
15.1 Introduction................................................................................................................................. 15-2
15.2 Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete .................................................................................................... 15-2
15.3 Underwater Concrete .................................................................................................................. 15-6
15.4 Vacuum Processing.................................................................................................................... 15-13
15.5 Portland Cement Plaster Construction.................................................................................... 15-16
15.6 Self-Consolidating Concrete (SCC) ......................................................................................... 15-19
15.7 Mass Concrete............................................................................................................................ 15-22
15.8 Roller-Compacted Concrete...................................................................................................... 15-23
Acknowledgment................................................................................................................................... 15-26
References .............................................................................................................................................. 15-26
16 Structural Concrete Repair Randall W. Poston............................................................................. 16-1
16.1 Introduction................................................................................................................................. 16-1
16.2 Limit States Design for Repair.................................................................................................... 16-2
16.3 Evaluation..................................................................................................................................... 16-3
16.4 Structural Implications................................................................................................................ 16-8
16.5 Repair Principles........................................................................................................................ 16-10
16.6 Repair of Unbonded Post-Tensioned Concrete Structures..................................................... 16-16
16.7 Construction Issues ................................................................................................................... 16-19
16.8 Long-Term Repair Performance ............................................................................................... 16-20
16.9 Case Study.................................................................................................................................. 16-20
References .............................................................................................................................................. 16-41
Contents ix
17 Joints in Concrete Construction Edward G. Nawy ..................................................................... 17-1
17.1 Introduction................................................................................................................................. 17-1
17.2 Construction Joints...................................................................................................................... 17-2
17.3 Contraction Joints ....................................................................................................................... 17-3
17.4 Expansion Joints .......................................................................................................................... 17-6
17.5 Joints in Slabs on Grade and Pavements ................................................................................. 17-10
References .............................................................................................................................................. 17-15
18 Automation in Concrete Construction Miroslaw J. Skibniewski and Raghavan Kunigahalli.... 18-1
18.1 Categories of Construction Automation.................................................................................... 18-1
18.2 Automated Construction Equipment and Related Hardware.................................................. 18-1
18.3 Economics and Management of Robots.................................................................................... 18-7
18.4 Computer-Aided Design ............................................................................................................. 18-8
18.5 Conclusions and Future Activities............................................................................................ 18-16
References .............................................................................................................................................. 18-17
19 Equipment for Concrete Building Construction Aviad Shapira............................................. 19-1
19.1 Introduction................................................................................................................................. 19-1
19.2 Equipment Selection.................................................................................................................... 19-2
19.3 Concrete Equipment.................................................................................................................. 19-12
19.4 Cranes......................................................................................................................................... 19-21
19.5 Truck Loaders............................................................................................................................. 19-43
19.6 Belt Conveyors ........................................................................................................................... 19-45
19.7 Material Handlers...................................................................................................................... 19-45
19.8 Hoists and Lifts.......................................................................................................................... 19-47
19.9 Mechanized Form Systems........................................................................................................ 19-48
Acknowledgment................................................................................................................................... 19-51
References .............................................................................................................................................. 19-51
20 Roller-Compacted Concrete Ernest K. Schrader........................................................................... 20-1
20.1 Introduction................................................................................................................................. 20-1
20.2 Advantages and Disadvantages................................................................................................... 20-7
20.3 Aggregates and Mixture Proportions....................................................................................... 20-11
20.4 Material Properties .................................................................................................................... 20-21
20.5 Design......................................................................................................................................... 20-40
20.6 Construction .............................................................................................................................. 20-54
Defining Terms...................................................................................................................................... 20-70
References .............................................................................................................................................. 20-71
21 Nondestructive Test Methods Nicholas J. Carino......................................................................... 21-1
21.1 Introduction................................................................................................................................. 21-1
21.2 Methods to Estimate In-Place Strength ..................................................................................... 21-2
21.3 Methods for Flaw Detection and Condition Assessment....................................................... 21-28
21.4 Concluding Remarks ................................................................................................................. 21-62
References .............................................................................................................................................. 21-63
22 Fiber-Reinforced Composites Edward G. Nawy........................................................................... 22-1
Part A. Fiber-Reinforced Concrete
22.1 Historical Development .............................................................................................................. 22-2
22.2 General Characteristics................................................................................................................ 22-2
22.3 Mixture Proportioning................................................................................................................ 22-4
22.4 Mechanics of Fiber Reinforcement............................................................................................. 22-5
22.5 Mechanical Properties of Fibrous Concrete Structural Elements............................................ 22-8
22.6 Steel-Fiber-Reinforced Cement Composites............................................................................ 22-14
22.7 Prestressed Concrete Prism Elements as the Main
Composite Reinforcement in Concrete Beams........................................................................ 22-17
x Concrete Construction Engineering Handbook
Part B. Fiber-Reinforced Plastic (FRP) Composites
22.8 Historical Development ............................................................................................................ 22-18
22.9 Beams and Two-Way Slabs Reinforced with GFRP Bars........................................................ 22-19
22.10 Carbon Fibers and Composite Reinforcement........................................................................ 22-20
22.11 Fire Resistance............................................................................................................................ 22-24
22.12 Summary .................................................................................................................................... 22-25
Acknowledgments ................................................................................................................................. 22-25
References .............................................................................................................................................. 22-25
23 Bonded Concrete Overlays Michael M. Sprinkel .......................................................................... 23-1
23.1 Introduction................................................................................................................................. 23-1
23.2 Key Issues for Successful Bonded HCC Overlays...................................................................... 23-2
23.3 Other Issues................................................................................................................................ 23-15
23.4 Summary .................................................................................................................................... 23-16
References .............................................................................................................................................. 23-16
24 Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC):
Material, Structural, and Durability Performance Victor C. Li............................................... 24-1
24.1 Historical Development .............................................................................................................. 24-1
24.2 General Characteristics................................................................................................................ 24-4
24.3 Mixture Proportioning, Material Processing, and Quality Control......................................... 24-8
24.4 Behavior of ECC Structural Elements ..................................................................................... 24-12
24.5 Durability of ECC and ECC Structural Elements................................................................... 24-24
24.6 Concluding Remarks ................................................................................................................. 24-37
Acknowledgments ................................................................................................................................. 24-40
References .............................................................................................................................................. 24-40
25 Design of FRP Reinforced and Strengthened Concrete Lawrence C. Bank........................... 25-1
25.1 Introduction................................................................................................................................. 25-1
25.2 Design of FRP-Reinforced Concrete Members ......................................................................... 25-2
25.3 Design of FRP-Strengthened Concrete Members ..................................................................... 25-9
25.4 Summary .................................................................................................................................... 25-20
References .............................................................................................................................................. 25-20
26 Low-Calcium, Fly-Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete B. Vijaya Rangan................................ 26-1
26.1 Introduction................................................................................................................................. 26-1
26.2 Geopolymers ................................................................................................................................ 26-2
26.3 Constituents of Geopolymer Concrete ...................................................................................... 26-3
26.4 Mixture Proportions of Geopolymer Concrete......................................................................... 26-3
26.5 Mixing, Casting, and Compaction of Geopolymer Concrete .................................................. 26-4
26.6 Curing of Geopolymer Concrete................................................................................................ 26-5
26.7 Design of Geopolymer Concrete Mixtures................................................................................ 26-6
26.8 Short-Term Properties of Geopolymer Concrete...................................................................... 26-8
26.9 Long-Term Properties of Geopolymer Concrete..................................................................... 26-11
26.10 Reinforced Geopolymer Concrete Beams and Columns........................................................ 26-14
26.11 Economic Benefits of Geopolymer Concrete .......................................................................... 26-18
26.12 Concluding Remarks ................................................................................................................. 26-18
References .............................................................................................................................................. 26-19
27 Performance Evaluation of Structures Richard A. Miller........................................................... 27-1
27.1 Introduction................................................................................................................................. 27-1
27.2 ACI 318-05 Provisions on Strength Evaluation of Existing Structures................................... 27-2
27.3 Pretest Planning for Reliable Structural Evaluation.................................................................. 27-4
27.4 Nondestructive Testing for Material and Structural Assessment............................................. 27-6
27.5 Static/Quasi-Static Load Testing................................................................................................. 27-9
27.6 A Discussion of Instrumentation and Data Acquisition ........................................................ 27-13
27.7 Case Studies in Performance Evaluation of Concrete Structures .......................................... 27-21
References .............................................................................................................................................. 27-31
Contents xi
28 Masonry Design and Construction Jason J. Thompson.............................................................. 28-1
28.1 Introduction................................................................................................................................. 28-1
28.2 Masonry Design and Construction Codes and Standards ....................................................... 28-2
28.3 Definitions.................................................................................................................................... 28-2
28.4 Materials ....................................................................................................................................... 28-4
28.5 Construction .............................................................................................................................. 28-15
28.6 Testing and Inspection .............................................................................................................. 28-27
28.7 General Detailing....................................................................................................................... 28-38
28.8 Project Specifications................................................................................................................. 28-39
28.9 Structural Design....................................................................................................................... 28-40
28.10 Summary .................................................................................................................................... 28-68
Acknowledgment................................................................................................................................... 28-68
References .............................................................................................................................................. 28-68
29 Aesthetics in the Construction and Design
of Long-Span Prestressed Concrete Bridges Linda Figg ........................................................... 29-1
29.1 Aesthetics in Concrete Bridges ................................................................................................... 29-1
29.2 Conceptual Design....................................................................................................................... 29-4
29.3 Environmental Sensitivity ........................................................................................................... 29-9
29.4 Construction Methods .............................................................................................................. 29-11
29.5 Concrete Bridge Shapes for Construction............................................................................... 29-17
29.6 Concrete Aesthetic Features...................................................................................................... 29-23
29.7 Design Details ............................................................................................................................ 29-28
29.8 Summary .................................................................................................................................... 29-31
30 Architectural Concrete Allan R. Kenney and Sidney Freedman;
updated by James M. Shilstone................................................................................................................ 30-1
30.1 History of Architectural Cast-in-Place Concrete ...................................................................... 30-2
30.2 History of Architectural Precast Concrete................................................................................. 30-4
30.3 Applications.................................................................................................................................. 30-5
30.4 Planning........................................................................................................................................ 30-6
30.5 Materials–Mixture Design......................................................................................................... 30-12
30.6 Color and Texture...................................................................................................................... 30-19
30.7 Construction: Cast-in-Place Concrete ..................................................................................... 30-32
30.8 Production and Installation of Precast Elements.................................................................... 30-60
30.9 Finish Cleanup........................................................................................................................... 30-68
30.10 Acceptability of Appearance...................................................................................................... 30-72
30.11 Innovations................................................................................................................................. 30-72
30.12 Defining Terms........................................................................................................................... 30-73
References .............................................................................................................................................. 30-74
31 Fire Resistance and Protection of Structures Mark B. Hogan and Jason J. Thompson........... 31-1
31.1 Introduction................................................................................................................................. 31-1
31.2 Fire-Resistance Ratings................................................................................................................ 31-5
31.3 Fire Protection of Joints.............................................................................................................. 31-9
31.4 Finish Treatments ...................................................................................................................... 31-11
31.5 Fire Resistance of Columns....................................................................................................... 31-11
31.6 Steel Columns Protected by Masonry...................................................................................... 31-13
31.7 Fire Resistance of Lintels........................................................................................................... 31-14
References .............................................................................................................................................. 31-14
32 Seismic-Resisting Construction Walid M. Naja and Christopher T. Bane................................. 32-1
32.1 Fundamentals of Earthquake Ground Motion.......................................................................... 32-2
32.2 International Building Code (IBC 2006)................................................................................... 32-7
32.3 Design and Construction of Concrete and Masonry Buildings ............................................ 32-29
32.4 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Buildings...................................................................................... 32-42
32.5 Seismic Analysis and Design of Bridge Structures.................................................................. 32-48
xii Concrete Construction Engineering Handbook
32.6 Retrofit of Earthquake-Damaged Bridges................................................................................ 32-56
32.7 Defining Terms........................................................................................................................... 32-62
References .............................................................................................................................................. 32-62
33 Prefabricated Bridge Elements and Systems Michael M. Sprinkel ........................................... 33-1
33.1 Practical Applications .................................................................................................................. 33-1
33.2 Types of Elements........................................................................................................................ 33-3
33.3 Construction Considerations.................................................................................................... 33-15
33.4 Looking Ahead........................................................................................................................... 33-16
References .............................................................................................................................................. 33-16
34 Design of Precast Concrete Seismic Bracing Systems Robert E. Englekirk............................. 34-1
34.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 34-1
34.2 Basic Concepts ............................................................................................................................. 34-2
34.3 Precast Concrete Seismic Moment-Resisting Ductile Frame Systems..................................... 34-7
34.4 The Conceptual Design Process ............................................................................................... 34-18
34.5 Concluding Remarks ................................................................................................................. 34-24
References .............................................................................................................................................. 34-24
35 Cracking Mitigation and Maintenance Considerations Florian G. Barth............................. 35-1
35.1 Overview of Crack Mitigation.................................................................................................... 35-1
35.2 Member Selection ........................................................................................................................ 35-2
35.3 Crack Causes and Types.............................................................................................................. 35-2
35.4 Crack Mitigation Measures ......................................................................................................... 35-7
35.5 Crack Evaluation Summary ...................................................................................................... 35-12
35.6 Maintenance............................................................................................................................... 35-13
References .............................................................................................................................................. 35-18
36 Proportioning Concrete Structural Elements by the ACI 318-08 Code Edward G. Nawy ... 36-1
36.1 Material Characteristics............................................................................................................... 36-2
36.2 Structural Design Considerations .............................................................................................. 36-5
36.3 Strength Design of Reinforced-Concrete Members ................................................................ 36-10
36.4 Prestressed Concrete.................................................................................................................. 36-31
36.5 Shear and Torsion in Prestressed Elements ............................................................................. 36-34
36.6 Walls and Footings .................................................................................................................... 36-36
Acknowledgments ................................................................................................................................. 36-36
References .............................................................................................................................................. 36-36
Index ........................................................................................................................................................................I-1
      

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